Medical care situation of people with ME/CFS in Germany

Medical care situation of people with Myalgic Encephalomyelitis /Chronic Fatigue Syndrome in Germany, by Laura Froehlich, Daniel B.R. Hattesohl, Leonard A. Jason, Carmen Scheibenbogen, Uta Behrends, Manuel Thoma in Medicina Vol 57, #7, p 646, June 23, 2021 [doi.org/10.3390/medicina57070646] This article belongs to the Special Issue ME/CFS: Causes, Clinical Features and Diagnosis

 

Research abstract

Background and Objective:

Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) is a severe illness with the hallmark symptom of Post-Exertional Malaise (PEM).

Currently, no biomarkers or established diagnostic tests for ME/CFS exist. In Germany, it is estimated that over 300,000 people are affected by ME/CFS. Research from the United States and the UK shows that patients with ME/CFS are medically underserved, as they face barriers to medical care access and are dissatisfied with medical care.

The first aim of the current research was to investigate whether patients with ME/CFS are medically underserved in Germany in terms of access to and satisfaction with medical care. Second, we aimed at providing a German-language version of the DePaul Symptom Questionnaire Short Form (DSQ-SF) as a tool for ME/CFS diagnostics and research in German-speaking countries.

Materials and Methods:

The current research conducted an online questionnaire study in Germany investigating the medical care situation of patients with ME/CFS. The questionnaire was completed by 499 participants who fulfilled the Canadian Consensus Criteria and reported PEM of 14 h or longer.

Results:

Participants frequently reported geographic and financial reasons for not using the available medical services. Furthermore, they reported low satisfaction with medical care by the physician they most frequently visited due to ME/CFS. The German version of the DSQ-SF showed good reliability, a one-factorial structure and construct validity, demonstrated by correlations with the SF-36 as a measure of functional status.

Conclusions:

Findings provide evidence that patients with ME/CFS in Germany are medically underserved. The German-language translation of the DSQ-SF provides a brief, reliable and valid instrument to assess ME/CFS symptoms to be used for research and clinical practice in German-speaking countries. Pathways to improve the medical care of patients with ME/CFS are discussed.

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Comparing idiopathic chronic fatigue & ME/CFS in males: response to 2-day CPET protocol

Comparing Idiopathic Chronic Fatigue and Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/ Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) in males: response to Two-Day Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing protocol, by C Linda M C van Campen, Frans C Visser in Healthcare (Basel). 2021 Jun 5;9(6):683 [doi: 10.3390/healthcare9060683]

 

Research abstract:

(1) Introduction:

Multiple studies have shown that peak oxygen consumption is reduced in the majority of myalgic encephalomyelitis/ chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) patients, using the gold standard for measuring exercise intolerance: cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET). A 2-day CPET protocol has shown different results on day 2 in ME/CFS patients compared to sedentary controls. No comparison is known between ME/CFS and idiopathic chronic fatigue (ICF) for 2-day CPET protocols.

We compared ME/CFS patients with patients with chronic fatigue who did not fulfil the ME/CFS criteria in a male population and hypothesized a different pattern of response would be present during the 2nd day CPET.

(2) Methods:

We compared 25 male patients with ICF who had completed a 2-day CPET protocol to an age-/gender-matched group of 26 male ME/CFS patients.

Measures of oxygen consumption (VO2), heart rate (HR), systolic and diastolic blood pressure, workload (Work), and respiratory exchange ratio (RER) were collected at maximal (peak) and ventilatory threshold (VT) intensities.

(3) Results:

Baseline characteristics for both groups were similar for age, body mass index (BMI), body surface area, (BSA), and disease duration.

A significant difference was present in the number of patients with fibromyalgia (seven ME/CFS patients vs. zero ICF patients). Heart rate at rest and the RER did not differ significantly between CPET 1 and CPET 2. All other CPET parameters at the ventilatory threshold and maximum exercise differed significantly (p-value between 0.002 and <0.0001).

ME/CFS patients showed a deterioration of performance on CPET2 as reflected by VO2 and workload at peak exercise and ventilatory threshold, whereas ICF patients showed improved performance on CPET2 with no significant change in peak workload.

(4) Conclusion:

This study confirms that male ME/CFS patients have a reduction in exercise capacity in response to a second-day CPET. These results are similar to published results in male ME/CFS populations. Patients diagnosed with ICF show a different response on day 2, more similar to sedentary and healthy controls.

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Systematic review of mind-body interventions to treat ME/CFS

Systematic review of mind-body interventions to treat Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, by Samaneh Khanpour Ardestani, Mohammad Karkhaneh, Eleanor Stein, Salima Punja, Daniela R. Junqueira, Tatiana Kuzmyn, Michelle Pearson, Laurie Smith, Karin Olson, Sunita Vohra in Medicina Vol 57, #7, p 652, June 24, 2021 [doi.org/10.3390/medicina57070652] This article belongs to the Special Issue ME/CFS: Causes, Clinical Features and Diagnosis

 

Review abstract:

Background and Objectives

Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) is a chronic condition distinguished by disabling fatigue associated with post-exertional malaise, as well as changes to sleep, autonomic functioning, and cognition. Mind-body interventions (MBIs) utilize the ongoing interaction between the mind and body to improve health and wellbeing.

Purpose

To systematically review studies using MBIs for the treatment of ME/CFS symptoms.

Materials and Methods

MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Cochrane CENTRAL were searched (inception to September 2020). Interventional studies on adults diagnosed with ME/CFS, using one of the MBIs in comparison with any placebo, standard of care treatment or waitlist control, and measuring outcomes relevant to the signs and symptoms of ME/CFS and quality of life were assessed for inclusion.

Characteristics and findings of the included studies were summarized using a descriptive approach.

Results

12 out of 382 retrieved references were included. Seven studies were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with one including three reports (1 RCT, 2 single-arms); others were single-arm trials. Interventions included mindfulness-based stress reduction, mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, relaxation, Qigong, cognitive-behavioral stress management, acceptance and commitment therapy and isometric yoga.

The outcomes measured most often were fatigue severity, anxiety/ depression, and quality of life. Fatigue severity and symptoms of anxiety/depression were improved in nine and eight studies respectively, and three studies found that MBIs improved quality of life.

Conclusions

Fatigue severity, anxiety/depression and physical and mental functioning were shown to be improved in patients receiving MBIs. However, small sample sizes, heterogeneous diagnostic criteria, and a high risk of bias may challenge this result. Further research using standardized outcomes would help advance the field.

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Central autonomic network disturbance in ME/CFS

Central autonomic network disturbance in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/ Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: a pilot study, by Mark Zinn, Marcie L Zinn, Leonard A Jason in NeuroRegulation Vol 8, #2, pp 73-86, June 30 2021

 

Research abstract:

Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a debilitating disease of the central nervous system known to be associated with multiple behavioral symptoms (fatigue, low stamina, dizziness, etc.) combined with autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction, thus implicating the central autonomic network (CAN).

Post-exertional malaise (PEM) is a core feature of ME/CFS, characterized by a pathological reduction in stamina in response to performing minor physical or mental tasks, often lasting at least 24 hours.

Exact low-resolution electromagnetic tomography (eLORETA) allows non-invasive investigation of cortical regions of interest that may contribute to better understanding of the role of the brain disturbances in behavioral manifestations of PEM.

This pilot study therefore aimed to use eLORETA to characterize changes in current density in cortical structures related to the CAN following submaximal isometric handgrip exercise in 7 patients with ME/CFS and 6 neurotypical healthy controls (HCs). Resting EEG was recorded at pre-, post- handgrip, and 24 hours later. Findings showed that hand grip dynamometersignificant differences occurred immediately post-test, which were most pronounced after 24 hours, particularly in the low alpha (8-10 Hz) and low beta (13-18 Hz) frequency sub-bands. Together, the present findings offer support for EEG source localization techniques to investigate PEM. If confirmed, this study could provide a useful instrument for functional diagnosis and evaluation of treatment outcomes.

 

Phoenix rising: Central Autonomic Network Disturbance in People with ME: A Conversation with Dr. Mark Zinn      Aug 2021

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Doctors with ME – new professional association

Doctors with ME

 

Recently launched is the global professional association for medical practitioners, scientists and researchers with myalgic encephalomyelitis.

The DwME mission and vision:

To improve patient outcomes worldwide by empowering medics, scientists, and policymakers with up to date practices and scientific rigour, fostering collaboration between professionals, the industries they serve, patients and the public.

To build a future where every surgery, hospital, agency, insurance provider and employer is enabled with accurate information that supports their patients, clients, shareholders and wider stakeholders.

Led by doctors with ME

  • Dr KN Hng – founder
  • Dr Nina Muirhead – director
  • Dr Keith Geraghty – director
  • Dr Richard Ramyar – business & strategy advisor

Honorary fellows:

  • Prof Jonathan Edwards – UK
  • Prof Leonard Jason – USA
  • Prof Anthony Komaroff – USA
  • Prof Ian Lipkin – USA
  • Prof Alain Moreau – Canada
  • Prof Derek Pheby – UK
  • Prof Chris Ponting – UK
  • Prof Ron Tompkins – USA
  • Dr Lucinda Bateman – USA
  • Tom Kindlon – Ireland
  • Dr Karl Morten – UK
  • Dr Charles Shepherd – UK
  • Dr David Strain – UK
  • Dr Nigel Speight – UK
  • Dr David Tuller – USA

Find out more about what DwME will be doing and how they will do it.

Like them on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/doctorswithme/

Follow them on twitter @doctorswithme

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Research: Whole-body cryotherapy & static-stretching exercises in CFS patients

Changes in the allostatic response to whole-body cryotherapy and static-stretching exercises in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome patients vs. healthy individuals, by Sławomir Kujawski, Anna M Bach, Joanna Slomko, Derek FH Pheby, Modra Murovska, Julia L Newton, Paweł Zalewski in Journal of Clinical Medicine Vol 10, no. 13, p 2795 25 June 2021

 

Research abstract:

This study represents a comparison of the functional interrelation of fatigue and cognitive, cardiovascular and autonomic nervous systems in a group of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) patients compared with those in healthy individuals at different stages of analysis: at baseline and after changes induced by whole-body cryotherapy (WBC) combined with a static-stretching (SS) program.

The study included 32 patients (Fukuda criteria) and 18 healthy controls. Fatigue, cognitive, cardiovascular and autonomic function and arterial stiffness were measured before and after 10 sessions of WBC with SS.

In the patients, a disturbance in homeostasis was observed. The network relationship based on differences before and after intervention showed comparatively higher stress and eccentricity in the CFS group: 50.9 p/m 56.1 vs. 6.35 p/m 8.72, p=0.002, r=0.28; and 4.8 p/m 0.7 vs. 2.4 p/m 1, p<0.001, r=0.46, respectively.

Before and after intervention, in the CFS group increased fatigue was related to baroreceptor function, and baroreceptor function was in turn related to aortic stiffness, but no such relationships were observed in the control group. Differences in the network structure underlying the interrelation among the four measured criteria were observed in both groups, before the intervention and after ten sessions of whole cryotherapy with a static stretching exercise.

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Insights from ME/CFS may help unravel the pathogenesis of post-acute COVID-19 syndrome

Insights from Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome may help unravel the pathogenesis of post-acute COVID-19 syndrome, by Anthony L Komaroff, W Ian Lipkin in Trends in Molecular Medicine, 7 June 2021 [doi.org/10.1016/j.molmed.2021.06.002]

 

Highlights:

  • In some people, the aftermath of acute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a lingering illness with fatigue and cognitive defects, known as post–COVID-19 syndrome or ‘long COVID.’
  • Post–COVID-19 syndrome is similar to postinfectious fatigue syndromes triggered by other infectious agents and to myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS), a condition that patients often report is preceded by an infectious-like illness.
  • ME/CFS is associated with underlying abnormalities of the central and autonomic nervous systems, immune dysregulation, disordered energy metabolism, and redox imbalance. It is currently unclear if the same abnormalities will be identified in post–COVID-19 syndrome.
  • The USA and other developed nations have committed considerable support for research on post–COVID-19 illnesses.

Review abstract:

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can cause chronic and acute disease. Postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) include injury to the lungs, heart, kidneys, and brain that may produce a variety of symptoms. PASC also includes a post–coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) syndrome (‘long COVID’) with features that can follow other acute infectious diseases and myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS).

Here we summarize what is known about the pathogenesis of ME/CFS and of ‘acute’ COVID-19, and we speculate that the pathogenesis of post–COVID-19 syndrome in some people may be similar to that of ME/CFS.

We propose molecular mechanisms that might explain the fatigue and related symptoms in both illnesses, and we suggest a research agenda for both ME/CFS and post–COVID-19 syndrome.

Comment from Health rising: Experts Assert Insights From ME/CFS Needed to Understand Long COVID

We’re just beginning to learn about long COVID, but some possible connections have shown up. Besides the wide overlap in symptoms, the mixed results from attempts to find evidence of the virus in the central nervous system suggest that it’s the “host response to the virus and microvascular damage” occurring from that – rather than the direct effects of the virus – that is probably causing symptoms. Indeed, they believe the virus probably does much of its damage via its effects on the vascular system (blood vessels). The widespread “microinfarcts” found in COVID-19 could be contributing to the cognitive problems found.

These findings alone present plenty of potential overlap with ME/CFS and fibromyalgia, with several studies suggesting the microcirculation, in particular, has been disturbed.

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Introducing WAMES volunteers: Mia Boardman

Introducing WAMES volunteers: social media volunteer

 

Hi! I’m Mia.

I am the volunteer in charge of the newly created WAMES Instagram account. I joined WAMES as a volunteer because I liked the idea of being able to help others that are in my situation, especially young people like me. Running the Instagram account allows me post about things I wish I would have been able to see when I had ME!

Before I developed ME, I was a Welsh national swimmer, just about to begin my first year of GCSEs.  At the age of 14 though, I developed a chronic pain that lasted almost 3 months to the day before it stopped. After the pain had disappeared, I was left with chronic fatigue that prevented me from being able to attend school or continue swimming. I had to be home tutored and complete my GCSEs at home.

After 2 years of suffering with ME, I made a full recovery and 5 years on from my diagnosis, my life is back to normal (if it was ever normal to begin with!) I am on my way to university to study Biomedical Science and I have started swimming again.

Read other volunteers’ stories:

Michelle

Sharon

Jan

Tony

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CFS & bone marrow defects of the jaw (case report)

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and bone marrow defects of the jaw – a case report on additional dental X-Ray diagnostics with ultrasound, by Johann Lechner, Fabian Schick in Cureus 2021 May; 13(5): e14837. [doi: 10.7759/cureus.14837]

 

Article purpose: 

This paper aims to demonstrate the additional benefit of ultrasound in the diagnosis of chronic osteolysis and osteonecrosis (bone marrow defects) of the jaw shown in a clinical case report.

Patients and Methods:

A case of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) in a young man presenting the typical, ambiguous symptoms, which were accompanied by headaches and tinnitus. X-ray techniques, namely panoramic radiographs (OPG) and cone beam computed tomography (DVT/CBCT), failed to produce any remarkable findings of bone marrow defects (BMDJ) in the jawbone. However, the measurement of bone density using trans-alveolar ultrasound (TAU) indicated a possible bone marrow defect in the lower left jawbone.

Results:

Surgery was undertaken at the conspicuous area. Additional to softened, ischemic, fatty tissue, a black area was revealed, which was surprisingly subsequently identified as aspergillosis by histopathological analysis. In addition, the excessive local RANTES/CCL5 expression found in the affected area confirmed the necessity for surgical debridement and additional findings of TAU.

Conclusion:

In contrast to radiography, complementary TAU imaging of the BMDJ revealed chronic inflammatory signaling RANTES/CCL5 pathways and fungal colonization. This case report supports the need for additional diagnostic techniques beyond radiographic modalities, which can help to elucidate the diagnostic composition and knowledge of the bone manifestations of systemic diseases.

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Post-acute COVID-19 symptoms, a potential link with ME/CFS (Mexico)

Post-acute COVID-19 symptoms, a potential link with Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: A 6-month survey in a Mexican cohort, by J Antonio Gonzalez-Hermosillo, Jhanea Patricia Martinez-Lopez, Sofia Antonieta Carrillo-Lampon, Dayanara Ruiz-Ojeda, Sharon Herrera-Ramirez, Luis M. Amezcua-Guerra, Maria del Rocio Martinez-Alvarado in Brain Sciences Vol 11, #6, p 760, June 8, 2021

 

Research abstract:

The aim of this study was to describe the clinical evolution during 6 months of follow-up of adults recovered from COVID-19. We tried to determine how many met the definition of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/ Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS). A total of 130 patients (51.0 p/m 14 years, 34.6% female) were enrolled. Symptoms were common, participants reported a median number of 9 (IQR 5-14) symptoms.

Fatigue was the most common symptom (61/130; 46.9%). Patients with fatigue were older 53.9 p/m 13.5 years compared with 48.5 p/m 13.3 years in those without fatigue (p=0.02) and had a longer length of hospital stay, 17 p/m 14 days vs. 13 p/m 10 days (p=0.04).

There was no difference in other comorbidities between patients with fatigue and those without it, and no association between COVID-19 severity and fatigue. After multivariate adjustment of all baseline clinical features, only age 40 to 50 years old was positively associated with fatigue, OR 2.5 (95% CI 1.05-6.05) p=0.03.

In our survey, only 17 (13%) patients met the Institute of Medicine’s criteria for ‘systemic exertion intolerance disease,’ the new name of ME/CFS.

In conclusion, in some patients, the features of post-acute COVID-19 syndrome overlap with the clinical features of ME/CFS.

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